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  1. classical conditioning
    conditioning that pairs a neutral stimulus with a stimulus that evokes a reflex; the stimulus that evokes the reflex is given whether or not the conditioned response occurs until eventually the neutral stimulus comes to evoke the reflex
    Four Types of Learning -1.Classical conditioning involves unavoidable physical association.
  2. operant conditioning
    conditioning in which an operant response is brought under stimulus control by virtue of presenting reinforcement contingent upon the occurrence of the operant response
    Operant conditioning involves learning caused by actions we perform.
  3. operant
    having influence or producing an effect
    Operant conditioning involves learning caused by actions we perform.
  4. rote learning
    memorization by repetition
    Psychologist Ebbinghaus considered repetition basic to rote learning, and almost all psychologists and educators today agree with him.
  5. temporary state
    a state that continues for a limited time
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  6. trial and error
    experimenting until a solution is found
    People have clearly demonstrated their “trial and error problem in “learning a maze”.
  7. thought process
    the process of using your mind to consider something carefully
    Cognitive learning emphasizes the thought process (in learning).
  8. conditioning
    a learning process in which an organism's behavior becomes dependent on the occurrence of a stimulus in its environment
    Basic conditioning – 1.
  9. associative
    resulting from bringing ideas together in the imagination
    Additional experience, repetition, strengthens this connection to the point where the subject displays the formation of a neural associative chain.
  10. maturation
    the act of coming to full development
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  11. neural
    of or relating to the nervous system
    Additional experience, repetition, strengthens this connection to the point where the subject displays the formation of a neural associative chain.
  12. maze
    complex system of paths or tunnels in which it is easy to get lost
    People have clearly demonstrated their “trial and error problem in “learning a maze”.
  13. repetition
    the act of doing or performing again
    Repetition often does seem necessary to learning, repeating exposure to different items or experiences.
  14. learner
    someone who learns or takes up knowledge or beliefs
    An accepted theory holds that a single experience of two items established only a partial connection between areas in the nervous system, one that the learner cannot yet articulate.
  15. learning
    the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge
    Repetition often does seem necessary to learning, repeating exposure to different items or experiences.
  16. rote
    memorization by repetition
    Psychologist Ebbinghaus considered repetition basic to rote learning, and almost all psychologists and educators today agree with him.
  17. psychologist
    a specialist in the science of mental life
    Psychologist Ebbinghaus considered repetition basic to rote learning, and almost all psychologists and educators today agree with him.
  18. cognitive
    relating to or involving the mental process of knowing
    Cognitive learning emphasizes the thought process (in learning).
  19. behavior
    the way a person acts toward other people
    Repetition reinforces behavior and results in “learning”.
  20. educator
    someone who educates young people
    Psychologist Ebbinghaus considered repetition basic to rote learning, and almost all psychologists and educators today agree with him.
  21. learn
    gain knowledge or skills
    Human beings begin to learn soon after birth and continue to learn as long as we live.
  22. decreasing
    becoming less or smaller
    Repetition often does seem necessary to learning and with repeated exposure to a maze, one finds the trial time decreasing.
  23. solve
    find the answer to or understand the meaning of
    Human beings also solve problems-solving certain types of problems helps us in our daily lives.
  24. reinforce
    strengthen and support
    Repetition reinforces behavior and results in “learning”.
  25. exposure
    the state of being exposed to harm
    Repetition often does seem necessary to learning, repeating exposure to different items or experiences.
  26. in style
    in the current fashion or style
    Social influence – Changes in style occur in every society over time and we adapt to each change
    by constant association.
  27. solving
    finding a solution to a problem
    Human beings also solve problems-solving certain types of problems helps us in our daily lives.
  28. involve
    contain as a part
    Four Types of Learning -1.Classical conditioning involves unavoidable physical association.
  29. articulate
    express or state clearly
    An accepted theory holds that a single experience of two items established only a partial connection between areas in the nervous system, one that the learner cannot yet articulate.
  30. nervous system
    the sensory and control apparatus consisting of a network of nerve cells
    An accepted theory holds that a single experience of two items established only a partial connection between areas in the nervous system, one that the learner cannot yet articulate.
  31. repeat
    say or state again
    Repetition often does seem necessary to learning, repeating exposure to different items or experiences.
  32. emphasize
    stress or single out as important
    Cognitive learning emphasizes the thought process (in learning).
  33. unavoidable
    impossible to evade
    Four Types of Learning -1.Classical conditioning involves unavoidable physical association.
  34. item
    a distinct part that can be specified separately in a group
    Repetition often does seem necessary to learning, repeating exposure to different items or experiences.
  35. adapt
    make fit for, or change to suit a new purpose
    Social influence – Changes in style occur in every society over time and we adapt to each change
    by constant association.
  36. human beings
    all of the living human inhabitants of the earth
    Human beings begin to learn soon after birth and continue to learn as long as we live.
  37. human being
    any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage
    Human beings begin to learn soon after birth and continue to learn as long as we live.
  38. basic
    reduced to the simplest and most significant form possible
    Psychologist Ebbinghaus considered repetition basic to rote learning, and almost all psychologists and educators today agree with him.
  39. decrease
    a change downward
    Repetition often does seem necessary to learning and with repeated exposure to a maze, one finds the trial time decreasing.
  40. relatively
    by comparison to something else
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  41. organism
    a living thing that can act or function independently
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  42. problem
    a question raised for consideration or solution
    Human beings also solve problems-solving certain types of problems helps us in our daily lives.
  43. experience
    the content of observation or participation in an event
    Repetition often does seem necessary to learning, repeating exposure to different items or experiences.
  44. bring about
    cause to happen, occur or exist
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  45. demonstrate
    give an exhibition of to an interested audience
    People have clearly demonstrated their “trial and error problem in “learning a maze”.
  46. trial
    the act of testing something
    People have clearly demonstrated their “trial and error problem in “learning a maze”.
  47. define
    show the form or outline of
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  48. good luck
    an auspicious state resulting from favorable outcomes
    Good luck.
  49. association
    a formal organization of people or groups of people
    Conditioning – making an association between two events by repeated exposure.
  50. demonstrated
    having been demonstrated or verified beyond doubt
    People have clearly demonstrated their “trial and error problem in “learning a maze”.
  51. route
    an established line of travel or access
    Repeatedly trying different routes, some failing, other routes successful--describe trial and error learning.
  52. describe
    give a statement representing something
    Repeatedly trying different routes, some failing, other routes successful--describe trial and error learning.
  53. strengthen
    make strong or stronger
    Additional experience, repetition, strengthens this connection to the point where the subject displays the formation of a neural associative chain.
  54. error
    a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance
    People have clearly demonstrated their “trial and error problem in “learning a maze”.
  55. repeating
    the act of doing or performing again
    Repetition often does seem necessary to learning, repeating exposure to different items or experiences.
  56. permanent
    continuing or enduring without marked change in status
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  57. alcohol
    a volatile compound made by distillation
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  58. partial
    being or affecting only a segment
    An accepted theory holds that a single experience of two items established only a partial connection between areas in the nervous system, one that the learner cannot yet articulate.
  59. classical
    of the most highly developed stage of an early civilization
    Four Types of Learning -1.Classical conditioning involves unavoidable physical association.
  60. repeated
    recurring again and again
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  61. condition
    a mode of being or form of existence of a person or thing
    Basic conditioning – 1.
  62. defined
    showing clearly the outline or profile or boundary
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  63. repeatedly
    several time
    Repeatedly trying different routes, some failing, other routes successful--describe trial and error learning.
  64. fatigue
    temporary loss of strength and energy from hard work
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  65. observing
    quick to notice; showing quick and keen perception
    Social learning results from observing others.
  66. change
    become different in some particular way
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  67. failing
    failure to reach a minimum required performance
    Repeatedly trying different routes, some failing, other routes successful--describe trial and error learning.
  68. connection
    a relation between things or events
    An accepted theory holds that a single experience of two items established only a partial connection between areas in the nervous system, one that the learner cannot yet articulate.
  69. resort
    have recourse to
    We resort to trying past successful modes of behaviors to solve the problem.
  70. encounter
    come together
    Many times in our daily lives we encounter a problem similar to, yet different from our previous experiences.
  71. refer
    make a remark that calls attention to
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  72. formation
    the act of establishing or creating something
    Additional experience, repetition, strengthens this connection to the point where the subject displays the formation of a neural associative chain.
  73. type
    a subdivision of a particular kind of thing
    Human beings also solve problems-solving certain types of problems helps us in our daily lives.
  74. successful
    having succeeded or being marked by a favorable outcome
    We resort to trying past successful modes of behaviors to solve the problem.
  75. chain
    a series of (usually metal) rings or links fitted into one another to make a flexible ligament
    Additional experience, repetition, strengthens this connection to the point where the subject displays the formation of a neural associative chain.
  76. establish
    set up or found
    An accepted theory holds that a single experience of two items established only a partial connection between areas in the nervous system, one that the learner cannot yet articulate.
  77. temporary
    not permanent; not lasting
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  78. display
    something intended to communicate a particular impression
    Additional experience, repetition, strengthens this connection to the point where the subject displays the formation of a neural associative chain.
  79. tendency
    an inclination to do something
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  80. partner
    a person who is a member of a cooperative relationship
    Have your partner record your time on a simple table you create.
  81. occur
    come to pass
    Social influence – Changes in style occur in every society over time and we adapt to each change
    by constant association.
  82. mode
    how something is done or how it happens
    We resort to trying past successful modes of behaviors to solve the problem.
  83. daily
    of or belonging to or occurring every day
    Human beings also solve problems-solving certain types of problems helps us in our daily lives.
  84. response
    the speech act of continuing a conversational exchange
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  85. situation
    physical position in relation to the surroundings
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  86. create
    bring into existence
    Have your partner record your time on a simple table you create.
  87. basis
    the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun
    Learning is defined as: a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience; Learning refers to the relatively permanent change in a subject’s behavior to a given situation brought about by his or her repeated experiences in that situation, provided that the behavior change cannot be explained on the basis of native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the subject (e.g. fatigue, drugs, alcohol, etc.)
  88. observe
    watch attentively
    Social learning results from observing others.
  89. social
    living together or enjoying life in communities
    Social influence – Changes in style occur in every society over time and we adapt to each change
    by constant association.
  90. result
    something that follows as a consequence
    Repetition reinforces behavior and results in “learning”.
  91. theory
    a belief that can guide behavior
    An accepted theory holds that a single experience of two items established only a partial connection between areas in the nervous system, one that the learner cannot yet articulate.
  92. physical
    involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit
    Four Types of Learning -1.Classical conditioning involves unavoidable physical association.
  93. process
    a particular course of action intended to achieve a result
    Cognitive learning emphasizes the thought process (in learning).
  94. style
    how something is done or how it happens
    Social influence – Changes in style occur in every society over time and we adapt to each change
    by constant association.
  95. considered
    carefully weighed
    Psychologist Ebbinghaus considered repetition basic to rote learning, and almost all psychologists and educators today agree with him.
Created on 二月 3, 2012

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