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  1. polytetrafluoroethylene
    a material used to coat cooking utensils and in industrial applications where sticking is to be avoided
    It is recommended that the gasket material for flanges is made of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) installed on a stainless steel hard core due to its insulation and sealing reliability.
  2. cathodic
    of or at or pertaining to a cathode
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 PETROBRAS PROPERTY 23 pages, Index of Revisions and GT Onshore Pipeline Cathodic Protection Procedure This Standard replaces and cancels its previous revision.
  3. anode
    a positively charged electrode by which electrons leave an electrical device
    8 4.2 Anode Beds...........................................................................................................................
  4. electrical cable
    a cable that provides an electrical connection for telephone or television or power stations
    13 7.3 Electrical Cables and Connections ......................................................................................
  5. rectifier
    a person who corrects or sets right
    8 4.1 Rectifiers ...............................................................................................................................
  6. nonmandatory
    not required by rule or law
    It is characterized by verbs of a nonmandatory nature.
  7. suppressor
    someone who suppresses
    13 7.2 Transient Suppressors .........................................................................................................
  8. CSE
    Canadian agency that gathers communications intelligence and assist law enforcement and security agencies
    In this case, it is recommended that the criterion for protection is the biased soil-pipe potential "ON" equal to or more negative than -850 mV in relation to the Copper-Copper Sulfate (Saturated) Reference Electrode (CSE) evaluated with continuous recording of potential.
  9. insulate
    surround with material to protect from heat, cold, or noise
    11 6.3 Test Points in Insulating Joints.............................................................................................
  10. unidirectional
    operating or moving or allowing movement in one direction only
    8 3.9 Electrical Draws (Unidirectional Current Control Devices).....................................................
  11. waveform
    the shape of a wave illustrated graphically by plotting the values of the period quantity against time
    Corrosion by alternating current does not occur if the peak potential of the waveform related to the pipe-soil potential (a.c. + d.c.)
  12. resistivity
    a material's opposition to the flow of electric current
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 5 ABNT NBR 7117 – Soil Resistivity Testing by 4-Point Method (Wenner); ABNT NBR 9240 - Ferrosilicon and Ferrochrome Alloy Anodes for Cathodic Protection; ABNT NBR 9241 - Graphite Anodes for Cathodic Protection; ABNT NBR 9358 - Zinc Alloy Anode for Cathodic Protection; ABNT NBR ISO 15589-1:2011 - Oil and Natural Gas Industry - Cathodic Protection for Pipeline Transport Systems - Part 1: Onshore Pipelines.
  13. cadastral
    of or relating to the records of a cadastre
    Drawings and Other Technical Documents in General; PETROBRAS N-442 - Pintura Externa De Tubulação Em Instalações Terrestres; PETROBRAS N-1041 - Cadastramento de Imóveis em Levantamento Topográfico-Cadastral; PETROBRAS N-1493 - Equipamento de Drenagem Elétrica para Proteção Catódica; PETROBRAS N-1710 - Coding of Technical Engineering Documents; PETROBRAS N-1783 - Anodos de Liga de Magnésio; PETROBRAS N-2064 - Project Document Issuance and Review; PETROBRAS N-2608 - Cathodic Protection Rectifiers;
  14. insulating tape
    a water-resistant adhesive tape used to insulate exposed electrical conductors
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 14 Platic mould Epoxy Secondary cable Autofusion insulating tape Main cable Conector cast bolt-type (wrap by using autofusion tape) Figure 5 - Insulation of Patch between Cables 7.4 Electrical Equipment Shelters 7.4.1
  15. stiffener
    material used for stiffening something
    to steel pole (and its stiffener), clamps, bolts and nuts, door operation, greasing the hinge pins, if necessary; i) for oil-cooled rectifiers collect oil samples for analysis of dielectric strength (minimum voltage of 1.5 kV, 60 Hz, for at least 1 minute), check the moisture content and contaminants is as specified by the cooled-oil manufacturer; in case of test failure, change all oil; j) permanent CSE semi-cell: — measure the "ON" potential of pipeline with permanent semi-cell and a
  16. power cord
    a cord to conduct power to an electrical appliance
    The power cord used in the anode bed shall be provided with high-molecular weight polyethylene (HMWPE). 7.3.4
  17. sodium sulfate
    a solid white bitter salt used in manufacturing glass and paper and dyes and pharmaceuticals
    NOTE Anode fill shall be dry and vibration-compacted, put into burlap bag and have the following characteristics: a) for magnesium anodes: 75 % of hydrated powder gypsum, 20 % of sodium or nonactivated calcium bentonite, and 5 % of commercial sodium sulfate; b) for zinc anodes: 50 % of hydrated powder gypsum, and 50 % of sodium or non-activated calcium bentonite.
  18. semi
    a truck consisting of a tractor and trailer together
    16 Figure A.1 - Measurement of Potential with 2 Semi-Cells on an Anode Bed........................................
  19. pipeline
    a pipe used to transport liquids or gases
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 PETROBRAS PROPERTY 23 pages, Index of Revisions and GT Onshore Pipeline Cathodic Protection Procedure This Standard replaces and cancels its previous revision.
  20. ohmic
    of or relating to or measured in ohms
    In regions subject to cc interference currents, the ohmic drop in the soil is difficult to evaluate.
  21. exothermic
    occurring or formed with the release of heat
    The use of exothermic welding directly into the tube is not recommended.
  22. interconnection
    a state of being connected reciprocally
    It is recommended that insulating joints are installed above ground whenever possible in both ends of a pipeline and also considered in the following locations: [Recommended Practice] a) in interconnections with branches; b) between pipeline with CP and non-protected installations.
  23. bentonite
    an absorbent aluminum silicate clay formed from volcanic ash
    NOTE Anode fill shall be dry and vibration-compacted, put into burlap bag and have the following characteristics: a) for magnesium anodes: 75 % of hydrated powder gypsum, 20 % of sodium or nonactivated calcium bentonite, and 5 % of commercial sodium sulfate; b) for zinc anodes: 50 % of hydrated powder gypsum, and 50 % of sodium or non-activated calcium bentonite.
  24. diametral
    related to or along a diameter
    After its alignment, cases shall be disassembled in diametral manner, one by one, to the placement of cartridges and washers. 3.5.5
  25. corrosion
    erosion by chemical action
    Corrosion by alternating current does not occur if the peak potential of the waveform related to the pipe-soil potential (a.c. + d.c.)
  26. attenuation
    a weakening in force or intensity
    attenuation of current (AC/ ACVG) or DCVG b) When the result of the inspection with instrumented pig shows evolution of the external corrosion process, compared with the previous inspection with pig, with loss of thickness between 50% and 20%, or between 50% and 20% exceeding the number of corrosion points; 5 to 10 years c) Presence of pipe-soil potential outside the protection criteria set out in 5.3 of ABNT NBR ISO 15589-1:2011; 2 years CIPS + attenuation of current (AC/ ACVG) or DCVG d)
  27. requirement
    necessary activity
    CONTEC Comissão de Normalização Técnica Technical Requirement: A provision established as the most adequate and which shall be used strictly in accordance with this Standard.
  28. transmission line
    a conductor for transmitting electrical or optical signals or electric power
    The resistivity shall be raised in pipeline zone at 1.5 m depth in the following locations: a) every 500 m; at every 10 measurements, depths of 3 m, 4.5 m and 6 m shall be measured; b) in approaches and intersections with power transmission lines with voltage equal to or greater than 69 kV; in addition to measurements in the zones, it shall also be done at the base of the towers, at depths of 1.5 m, 3.0 m, 4.5 m and 6.0 m. 3.2.3
  29. coupon
    a certificate that can be redeemed for value as needed
    15 7.5 CP Coupons........................................................................................................................
  30. calcine
    heat a substance so that it oxidizes or reduces
    Fill conductor can be formed by mill coke or calcined petroleum coke and shall have the characteristics described below: a) electrical resistivity up to 50 Ω.cm with minimal coke compaction of 1 000 kg/m3; b) minimum carbon content of 75 % for mill coke and 90 % for calcined coke; c) maximum humidity of 5 %; d) sieve analysis (particle size): 100 % shall pass through the sieve of 1/2". 4.2.3.2
  31. plier
    someone who plies a trade
    in bed zone; c) land conditions (evidence of erosion, landslides, sanding up, exposed wires, existence of buildings and plantation that are not allowed, etc.) in the anode bed zone; d) it is recommended to inspect anode bed through the procedure A.3 or by using a high frequency transmitter/receiver set (current attenuation equipment), [Recommended Practice] e) when there is junction box near the anode, inspection of bed by measuring the draw current by each anode, with the help of ammeter pliers
  32. monitoring device
    display produced by a device that takes signals and displays them on a television screen or a computer monitor
    grounding: — check if it is connected to the utility neutral; — physical state of braid of the moving parts of the shelter; — well where the rods are located, including the cap and electrical connections; — measuring the resistance, which must be less than 10 Ω; l) state of access (roads, bridges, fences, gates, etc.) and land conditions (evidence of erosion, sanding up, etc.) in the shelter area, including the right-of-way; m) check the status and operation of the Remote Monitoring Device
  33. copper sulfate
    a copper salt made by the action of sulfuric acid on copper oxide
    In this case, it is recommended that the criterion for protection is the biased soil-pipe potential "ON" equal to or more negative than -850 mV in relation to the Copper-Copper Sulfate (Saturated) Reference Electrode (CSE) evaluated with continuous recording of potential.
  34. polyethylene
    a lightweight thermoplastic
    NOTE Failure coating factor for 3-layer polyethylene shall be 0,4% (coating efficiency equal to 99,6%).
  35. grounding
    education or instruction in the fundamentals of a field of knowledge
    6 3.6 Electrical Grounding...............................................................................................................
  36. datum
    an item of factual information from measurement or research
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 18 b) memorial; c) reports: field data survey, CP system pre-operation and coating inspection; d) list of material; e) executive procedures: construction and assembly of installations, CP system preoperation and coating inspection; f) drawings, with CP equipment and materials represented on topographical plans with their coordinates.
  37. alphanumeric
    of or pertaining to alphanumeric characters
    Proposed revisions to this Standard shall be submitted to the CONTEC - Authoring Subcommittee, indicating the alphanumeric identification and revision of the Standard, the section, subsection and enumerate to be revised, the proposed text, and technical/economic justification for revision.
  38. circuit breaker
    a device that trips like a switch and opens the circuit when overloaded
    circuit breakers, fuses and transient suppressors; e) anode bed resistance, calculated as the ratio between the voltage and output current of the equipment; f) pipe-soil potential with the rectifier on and off; g) state of the internal components and wiring; replacement where necessary; h) state of rectifier attachment, related to steel pole (and its stiffener), clamps, bolts and nuts, door operation, greasing the hinge pins, if necessary; i) for oil-cooled rectifiers collect oil samples for
  39. ammeter
    a meter that measures the flow of electrical current in amperes
    ammeter (compared with digital multimeter); d) status of circuit breakers, fuses and transient suppressors; e) anode bed resistance, calculated as the ratio between the voltage and output current of the equipment; f) pipe-soil potential with the rectifier on and off; g) state of the internal components and wiring; replacement where necessary; h) state of rectifier attachment, related to steel pole (and its stiffener), clamps, bolts and nuts, door operation, greasing the hinge pins, if necessary;
  40. interconnect
    be interwoven or interconnected
    NOTE Adjacent pipelines or within the same zone shall be electrically interconnected. 4.3.2
  41. polyurethane foam
    a foam made by adding water to polyurethane plastics
    of the inspection with instrumented pig shows evolution of the external corrosion process, compared with the previous inspection with pig, with loss of thickness between 50% and 20%, or between 50% and 20% exceeding the number of corrosion points; 5 to 10 years c) Presence of pipe-soil potential outside the protection criteria set out in 5.3 of ABNT NBR ISO 15589-1:2011; 2 years CIPS + attenuation of current (AC/ ACVG) or DCVG d) Pipeline heated, with thermal insulation of polyurethane foam
  42. burlap bag
    a bag made of burlap
    NOTE Anode fill shall be dry and vibration-compacted, put into burlap bag and have the following characteristics: a) for magnesium anodes: 75 % of hydrated powder gypsum, 20 % of sodium or nonactivated calcium bentonite, and 5 % of commercial sodium sulfate; b) for zinc anodes: 50 % of hydrated powder gypsum, and 50 % of sodium or non-activated calcium bentonite.
  43. onshore
    (of winds) coming from the sea toward the land
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 PETROBRAS PROPERTY 23 pages, Index of Revisions and GT Onshore Pipeline Cathodic Protection Procedure This Standard replaces and cancels its previous revision.
  44. voltmeter
    meter that measures the potential difference between two points
    voltmeter and ammeter (compared with digital multimeter); d) status of circuit breakers, fuses and transient suppressors; e) anode bed resistance, calculated as the ratio between the voltage and output current of the equipment; f) pipe-soil potential with the rectifier on and off; g) state of the internal components and wiring; replacement where necessary; h) state of rectifier attachment, related to steel pole (and its stiffener), clamps, bolts and nuts, door operation, greasing the hinge pins,
  45. PVC
    a polymer of vinyl chloride used instead of rubber in electric cables
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 15 Ground level 500mm Electrical cable 4 mm² with length allowing removal of coupon F/ test point PVC cap Ø 6" PVC pipe Ø 6" Natural ground Weld pipeline Coupon Figure 6 - CP Coupon 7.6 a.c. decoupler 7.6.1
  46. electrical
    relating to or concerned with electricity
    6 3.5 Electrical Insulation ................................................................................................................
  47. wiring
    a circuit of wires for the distribution of electricity
    20 Figures Figure 1 - Wiring Connection at Test Point ..........................................................................................
  48. compaction
    the act of crushing
    Fill conductor can be formed by mill coke or calcined petroleum coke and shall have the characteristics described below: a) electrical resistivity up to 50 Ω.cm with minimal coke compaction of 1 000 kg/m3; b) minimum carbon content of 75 % for mill coke and 90 % for calcined coke; c) maximum humidity of 5 %; d) sieve analysis (particle size): 100 % shall pass through the sieve of 1/2". 4.2.3.2
  49. disassemble
    take apart
    After its alignment, cases shall be disassembled in diametral manner, one by one, to the placement of cartridges and washers. 3.5.5
  50. nameplate
    a plate bearing a name
    All anodes shall be georeferenced and the zone properly marked by delimiters marks and nameplates.
  51. insulation
    reduction of the transmission of sound, heat, or electricity
    6 3.5 Electrical Insulation ................................................................................................................
  52. normative
    relating to or dealing with typical standards or patterns
    4 2 Normative References........................................................................................................................
  53. ohm
    a unit of electrical resistance
    NOTE Equipotentialization and grounding of electrical equipment shall comply with requirements of ABNT NBR 5410, noting the following details: a) the value of grounding resistance shall be equal to or less than 10 ohm and shall be connected to the grounding of the utility or the unit where the equipment is installed; b) all exposed metal parts such as equipment housing and screen shelters shall be grounded.
  54. contaminant
    a substance that contaminates
    to steel pole (and its stiffener), clamps, bolts and nuts, door operation, greasing the hinge pins, if necessary; i) for oil-cooled rectifiers collect oil samples for analysis of dielectric strength (minimum voltage of 1.5 kV, 60 Hz, for at least 1 minute), check the moisture content and contaminants is as specified by the cooled-oil manufacturer; in case of test failure, change all oil; j) permanent CSE semi-cell: — measure the "ON" potential of pipeline with permanent semi-cell and a
  55. diode
    a thermionic tube having two electrodes; used as a rectifier
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 13 NOTE The transient suppressor (protective device for insulating joints) shall have the following characteristics: a) explosion-proof, positioned next to the insulation joint and attached by means of rigid cable with a minimum thickness of 16 mm2, installed as shown in Figure 4; b) protection technology can be: spark gap, silicon avalanche diode (SAD) or other solid-state technology approved by the inspection.
  56. epoxy
    a strong glue
    NOTE Application of epoxy on the welds is not accepted. 7.3.3
  57. install
    set up for use
    It is recommended that insulating joints are installed above ground whenever possible in both ends of a pipeline and also considered in the following locations: [Recommended Practice] a) in interconnections with branches; b) between pipeline with CP and non-protected installations.
  58. weld
    a metal joint formed by softening with heat and fusing
    It is recommended that joints are provided with welded lug terminals for electrical connections.
  59. topographic
    relating to the natural and artificial features of the land
    Topographic Survey; PETROBRAS N-381 - Execution of Drawings and Other Technical Documents in General; PETROBRAS N-442 - Pintura Externa De Tubulação Em Instalações Terrestres; PETROBRAS N-1041 - Cadastramento de Imóveis em Levantamento Topográfico-Cadastral; PETROBRAS N-1493 - Equipamento de Drenagem Elétrica para Proteção Catódica; PETROBRAS N-1710 - Coding of Technical Engineering Documents; PETROBRAS N-1783 - Anodos de Liga de Magnésio; PETROBRAS N-2064 - Project Document Issuance and Review;
  60. carbon steel
    steel whose characteristics are determined by the amount of carbon it contains
    1 Scope 1.1 It is applied to onshore pipelines buried into carbon steel and stainless steel parts and onshore arrival points of submarine pipelines protected by CP installations.
  61. solid-state
    consisting of semiconductor materials and components and related devices
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 13 NOTE The transient suppressor (protective device for insulating joints) shall have the following characteristics: a) explosion-proof, positioned next to the insulation joint and attached by means of rigid cable with a minimum thickness of 16 mm2, installed as shown in Figure 4; b) protection technology can be: spark gap, silicon avalanche diode (SAD) or other solid-state technology approved by the inspection.
  62. sulfate
    a salt or ester of sulphuric acid
    In this case, it is recommended that the criterion for protection is the biased soil-pipe potential "ON" equal to or more negative than -850 mV in relation to the Copper-Copper Sulfate (Saturated) Reference Electrode (CSE) evaluated with continuous recording of potential.
  63. define
    show the form or outline of
    3 Project Requirements This Section defines the additional requirements to Section 5 of ABNT NBR ISO 15589-1:2011.
  64. spark gap
    the gap between two high-potential terminals
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 13 NOTE The transient suppressor (protective device for insulating joints) shall have the following characteristics: a) explosion-proof, positioned next to the insulation joint and attached by means of rigid cable with a minimum thickness of 16 mm2, installed as shown in Figure 4; b) protection technology can be: spark gap, silicon avalanche diode (SAD) or other solid-state technology approved by the inspection.
  65. dielectric
    a material such as glass or porcelain with negligible electrical or thermal conductivity
    Insulating Joints shall be submitted to the following acceptance tests, by issuing the relevant certificates: a) hydrostatic test performed with a pressure greater than or equal to 1.5 times project's pressure, for 1 h, at least, with no leakages (only one-block); b) dielectric strength in dry air, which shall be greater than or equal to 5.0 kV, with 60 Hz VCA for 1 min.; c) electric strength in dry air, which shall be greater than or equal to 5 MΩ, checked with 1 000 VCC. 3.5.3
  66. for all intents and purposes
    in every practical sense
    In case of doubt, the Portuguese version, which is the valid document for all intents and purposes, shall be used.
  67. voltage
    the rate at which energy is drawn from a source
    Documents in General; PETROBRAS N-442 - Pintura Externa De Tubulação Em Instalações Terrestres; PETROBRAS N-1041 - Cadastramento de Imóveis em Levantamento Topográfico-Cadastral; PETROBRAS N-1493 - Equipamento de Drenagem Elétrica para Proteção Catódica; PETROBRAS N-1710 - Coding of Technical Engineering Documents; PETROBRAS N-1783 - Anodos de Liga de Magnésio; PETROBRAS N-2064 - Project Document Issuance and Review; PETROBRAS N-2608 - Cathodic Protection Rectifiers; ABNT NBR 5410 - Low Voltage
  68. insulating material
    a material that reduces or prevents the transmission of heat or sound or electricity
    Insulating Joints and transient suppressor (DPJI) a) general insulating joints data (identification, location, characteristics, etc.); b) type of joint (conventional or one-block); c) operation of zinc anodes, where applicable, by measuring potential in relation to the ground; d) physical aspect (denting, biting, scorching, cracks, fissures and lack of material in regions filled with insulating material); e) verify the efficiency of electrical insulation, as per A.3 of ABNT NBR ISO
  69. safety device
    a device designed to prevent injury or accidents
    Connections with other underground structures Measure the current flow At least once a year Electrical connection devices and grounding systems (decoupler) Measure the electrical continuity At least once a year Safety devices and protection of insulating joints Measure adjustment and function At least once a year Test points Measure instantaneous "OFF" potential Once a year (see Notes 2 and 3) NOTE 1 If the impressed current sources (rectifiers) and current draws have remote monitoring
  70. coke
    carbon fuel produced by distillation of coal
    Fill conductor can be formed by mill coke or calcined petroleum coke and shall have the characteristics described below: a) electrical resistivity up to 50 Ω.cm with minimal coke compaction of 1 000 kg/m3; b) minimum carbon content of 75 % for mill coke and 90 % for calcined coke; c) maximum humidity of 5 %; d) sieve analysis (particle size): 100 % shall pass through the sieve of 1/2". 4.2.3.2
  71. installation
    the act of setting something up for use
    12 7 Special Installations..........................................................................................................................
  72. parameter
    a constant in the equation of a curve that can be varied
    Values of a.c. potential found by using traditional multimeter can not be used as corrosion parameter by alternating current.
  73. flange
    a projection used for strength or for attaching to another object
    When insulating joint in pair of flanges is used, pay attention to the following precautions during installation: The flange shall be mounted, initially, with the insulating joint centralized inside and without the cartridges and washers.
  74. elapsed time
    the time that elapses while some event is occurring
    9.4 Operational availability (D) shall be calculated monthly for each rectifier, by considering the actual operating hours (read on hour meter) and the time between inspections, according to the following formula: x 100 Elapsed time D (%)  Hours of Operation NOTE Operational availability of at least 80 % is recommended.
  75. recommend
    express a good opinion of
    Recommended Practice: A provision that may be adopted under the conditions of this Standard, but which admits (and draws attention to) the possibility of there being a more adequate alternative (not written in this Standard) to the particular application.
  76. potential difference
    the difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit expressed in volts
    A.3.6 For each bed surveyed, make a curve (potential difference x distance) with measurements made and verify if the peaks observed in this curve match the actual position of the anodes (see Figure A.2).
  77. potential
    existing in possibility
    5 3.3 Potential Surveys ...................................................................................................................
  78. outcrop
    the part of a rock formation that appears above the surface
    Potential soil-pipe surveys shall be performed at test points and any other outcrops of the adjacent or evaluated pipeline.
  79. hydrated
    containing combined water
    NOTE Anode fill shall be dry and vibration-compacted, put into burlap bag and have the following characteristics: a) for magnesium anodes: 75 % of hydrated powder gypsum, 20 % of sodium or nonactivated calcium bentonite, and 5 % of commercial sodium sulfate; b) for zinc anodes: 50 % of hydrated powder gypsum, and 50 % of sodium or non-activated calcium bentonite.
  80. galvanic
    pertaining to electric current by chemical action
    10 5 Galvanic Anode Systems ..................................................................................................................
  81. rural area
    an area outside of cities and towns
    Barbed wire fencing shall be used in rural areas, regardless of the model test point adopted. 6.1.4
  82. inspection
    a formal or official examination
    16 9 Inspection and Monitoring .................................................................................................................
  83. measurement
    assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule
    16 Figure A.1 - Measurement of Potential with 2 Semi-Cells on an Anode Bed........................................
  84. oxidize
    enter into a combination with oxygen
    concrete fence post, etc.; c) state of access (roads, bridges, fences, gates, etc.) and land conditions (evidence of erosion, sanding up, etc.); d) general state of preservation (painting, internal and external cleaning, corrosion), physical condition of external sidewalk, fence, etc.; e) measurement of "ON" potential pipe-soil (including both sides of insulating joints and jacketed pipes) and "OFF" (when applicable), aiming to check for short circuits, broken wires, plant damage or oxidizing
  85. zinc oxide
    oxide of zinc
    Zinc oxide varistor shall not be used; c) electrical features: — operating frequency: 60 Hz; — maximum pulse current (8/20 μs): 100 kA.
  86. alternating current
    an electric current that reverses direction sinusoidally
    Corrosion by alternating current does not occur if the peak potential of the waveform related to the pipe-soil potential (a.c. + d.c.)
  87. spacing
    the time between occurrences of a repeating event
    A.3.3 Place the first semi-cell (fixed semi-cell) to at least 30 m away from the anode bed and the second semi-cell (mobile semi-cell) before the first anode and at distance corresponding to the spacing between anodes; A.3.4 By moving the mobile semi-cell along the line joining the anodes, measure the potential between the semi-cells at intervals corresponding to half the spacing between anodes and on each one of the anodes.
  88. signage
    signs collectively (especially commercial signs or posters)
    Regions with high rates of vandalism may have their signage spoiled.
  89. electrode
    a conductor used to make electrical contact with some part of a circuit
    In this case, it is recommended that the criterion for protection is the biased soil-pipe potential "ON" equal to or more negative than -850 mV in relation to the Copper-Copper Sulfate (Saturated) Reference Electrode (CSE) evaluated with continuous recording of potential.
  90. impedance
    a material's opposition to the flow of electric current
    impedance bond; f) state of the internal components and wiring; replacement where necessary; g) state of draw attachment, related to steel pole (and its stiffener), clamps, bolts and nuts, door operation, greasing the hinge pins, if necessary; h) permanent CSE semi-cell: — measure the "ON" potential of pipeline with permanent semi-cell and a portable one, by comparing the values; — measure with a portable semi-cell the "ON" potential in the pipeline in sites monitored in order to compare them
  91. molecular weight
    (chemistry) the sum of the relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms of a molecule
    The power cord used in the anode bed shall be provided with high-molecular weight polyethylene (HMWPE). 7.3.4
  92. monitor
    someone who observes to ensure fairness or prevent mistakes
    10 6 Potential Monitoring..........................................................................................................................
  93. coating
    a thin layer covering something
    or approaching a new pipeline to be protected cathodically, it shall be noted: a) detailed information of pipeline on length, diameter, wall thickness, material, protective coating, product transported and type of connection; b) identification of equipment related to existing CP systems (with photographic records), including rectifiers, draws, test points and insulating joints, informing nominal and operating conditions, location, electrical connections; c) potential surveys according to
  94. polyurethane
    any of various polymers containing the urethane radical
    result of the inspection with instrumented pig shows evolution of the external corrosion process, compared with the previous inspection with pig, with loss of thickness between 50% and 20%, or between 50% and 20% exceeding the number of corrosion points; 5 to 10 years c) Presence of pipe-soil potential outside the protection criteria set out in 5.3 of ABNT NBR ISO 15589-1:2011; 2 years CIPS + attenuation of current (AC/ ACVG) or DCVG d) Pipeline heated, with thermal insulation of polyurethane
  95. evaluate
    estimate the nature, quality, ability or significance of
    The proposals are evaluated during the work for alteration of this Standard.
  96. annex
    attach to
    18 Annex A - Inspection of CP System Components.................................................................................
  97. monitoring
    the act of observing something
    10 6 Potential Monitoring..........................................................................................................................
  98. ground level
    the height of the ground on which something stands
    Insulated side Protected side Transient supressor Rigid cable 16 mm² Steel lug terminal attachment of electrical cable Cable 6 mm² from test point in insulating joint Insulating joint Outcrop of electrical cable Ground level Figure 4 - Wiring Connection of the Suppressor to Insulating Joint 7.3 Electrical Cables and Connections It defines the additional requirements to 9.6 of ABNT NBR ISO 15589-1:2011. 7.3.1
  99. magnesium
    a light, malleable, silver-white metallic element
    10 5.2 Magnesium Anodes..............................................................................................................
  100. gasket
    seal consisting of a ring for packing pistons or sealing a pipe joint
    It is recommended that the gasket material for flanges is made of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) installed on a stainless steel hard core due to its insulation and sealing reliability.
  101. hydrate
    any compound that contains water of crystallization
    NOTE Anode fill shall be dry and vibration-compacted, put into burlap bag and have the following characteristics: a) for magnesium anodes: 75 % of hydrated powder gypsum, 20 % of sodium or nonactivated calcium bentonite, and 5 % of commercial sodium sulfate; b) for zinc anodes: 50 % of hydrated powder gypsum, and 50 % of sodium or non-activated calcium bentonite.
  102. centralize
    concentrate legal power in one main governmental authority
    When insulating joint in pair of flanges is used, pay attention to the following precautions during installation: The flange shall be mounted, initially, with the insulating joint centralized inside and without the cartridges and washers.
  103. cable
    a very strong thick rope made of twisted hemp or steel wire
    13 7.3 Electrical Cables and Connections ......................................................................................
  104. component
    one of the individual parts making up a larger entity
    18 Annex A - Inspection of CP System Components.................................................................................
  105. hydrostatic
    relating to fluids at rest or to the pressures they exert or transmit
    Insulating Joints shall be submitted to the following acceptance tests, by issuing the relevant certificates: a) hydrostatic test performed with a pressure greater than or equal to 1.5 times project's pressure, for 1 h, at least, with no leakages (only one-block); b) dielectric strength in dry air, which shall be greater than or equal to 5.0 kV, with 60 Hz VCA for 1 min.; c) electric strength in dry air, which shall be greater than or equal to 5 MΩ, checked with 1 000 VCC. 3.5.3
  106. short circuit
    accidental contact between two points in an electric circuit that have a potential difference
    or buried; — aluminum box, concrete fence post, etc.; c) state of access (roads, bridges, fences, gates, etc.) and land conditions (evidence of erosion, sanding up, etc.); d) general state of preservation (painting, internal and external cleaning, corrosion), physical condition of external sidewalk, fence, etc.; e) measurement of "ON" potential pipe-soil (including both sides of insulating joints and jacketed pipes) and "OFF" (when applicable), aiming to check for short circuits, broken
  107. stainless steel
    steel containing chromium that makes it resistant to corrosion
    1 Scope 1.1 It is applied to onshore pipelines buried into carbon steel and stainless steel parts and onshore arrival points of submarine pipelines protected by CP installations.
  108. subsection
    a section of a section
    The Department of PETROBRAS that uses this Standard is responsible for adopting and applying the sections, subsections and enumerates thereof.
  109. transient
    lasting a very short time
    13 7.2 Transient Suppressors .........................................................................................................
  110. hard core
    the most dedicated and intensely loyal nucleus of a group or movement
    It is recommended that the gasket material for flanges is made of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) installed on a stainless steel hard core due to its insulation and sealing reliability.
  111. standardize
    cause to conform to a norm
    Models of existing shelters in the vicinity shall be evaluated in order to standardize them. 7.4.3
  112. test
    standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or aptitude
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 3 6.1 Test Points (Monitoring Stations) .........................................................................................
  113. connector
    an instrumentality that connects
    [Recommended Practice] NOTE Coupon shall be connected to the electrical cable through connectors; it shall not be welded.
  114. graphite
    a soft, dark gray mineral made of carbon
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 5 ABNT NBR 7117 – Soil Resistivity Testing by 4-Point Method (Wenner); ABNT NBR 9240 - Ferrosilicon and Ferrochrome Alloy Anodes for Cathodic Protection; ABNT NBR 9241 - Graphite Anodes for Cathodic Protection; ABNT NBR 9358 - Zinc Alloy Anode for Cathodic Protection; ABNT NBR ISO 15589-1:2011 - Oil and Natural Gas Industry - Cathodic Protection for Pipeline Transport Systems - Part 1: Onshore Pipelines.
  115. current
    occurring in or belonging to the present time
    7 3.7 Current Requirements............................................................................................................
  116. joint
    junction by which parts or objects are linked together
    11 6.3 Test Points in Insulating Joints.............................................................................................
  117. washer
    someone who washes things for a living
    When insulating joint in pair of flanges is used, pay attention to the following precautions during installation: The flange shall be mounted, initially, with the insulating joint centralized inside and without the cartridges and washers.
  118. identification
    the act of designating something
    Proposed revisions to this Standard shall be submitted to the CONTEC - Authoring Subcommittee, indicating the alphanumeric identification and revision of the Standard, the section, subsection and enumerate to be revised, the proposed text, and technical/economic justification for revision.
  119. criterion
    the ideal in terms of which something can be judged
    6 3.4 CP Criteria.............................................................................................................................
  120. coding
    act of writing in code or cipher
    Drawings and Other Technical Documents in General; PETROBRAS N-442 - Pintura Externa De Tubulação Em Instalações Terrestres; PETROBRAS N-1041 - Cadastramento de Imóveis em Levantamento Topográfico-Cadastral; PETROBRAS N-1493 - Equipamento de Drenagem Elétrica para Proteção Catódica; PETROBRAS N-1710 - Coding of Technical Engineering Documents; PETROBRAS N-1783 - Anodos de Liga de Magnésio; PETROBRAS N-2064 - Project Document Issuance and Review; PETROBRAS N-2608 - Cathodic Protection Rectifiers;
  121. counterweight
    a weight that balances another weight
    8.3 Survey on possible interference of the CP on steel towers (and counterweights) of transmission lines crossing or are approaching the pipelines shall be carried out.
  122. subcommittee
    a small working group that is part of a larger group
    The CONTEC - Authoring Subcommittee provides guidance on the interpretation of this Standard when questions arise regarding its contents.
  123. revise
    make changes to
    Proposed revisions to this Standard shall be submitted to the CONTEC - Authoring Subcommittee, indicating the alphanumeric identification and revision of the Standard, the section, subsection and enumerate to be revised, the proposed text, and technical/economic justification for revision.
  124. operational
    pertaining to a series of actions for achieving a result
    Details of the test point shall take into account the experience of the operational unit. 6.1.5
  125. rev
    rate of revolution of a motor
    -PUBLICN- 2298 REV.
  126. lug
    carry with difficulty
    It is recommended that joints are provided with welded lug terminals for electrical connections.
  127. zinc
    a bluish-white lustrous metallic element
    10 5.1 Zinc Anodes .........................................................................................................................
  128. directional
    relating to or indicating directions in space
    The test points shall also be installed at the following locations: a) crossing with other pipelines; b) intersection of main roads and railways; c) river crossings; d) directional holes.
  129. leakage
    the discharge of a fluid from some container
    Insulating Joints shall be submitted to the following acceptance tests, by issuing the relevant certificates: a) hydrostatic test performed with a pressure greater than or equal to 1.5 times project's pressure, for 1 h, at least, with no leakages (only one-block); b) dielectric strength in dry air, which shall be greater than or equal to 5.0 kV, with 60 Hz VCA for 1 min.; c) electric strength in dry air, which shall be greater than or equal to 5 MΩ, checked with 1 000 VCC. 3.5.3
  130. issuance
    the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity)
    1.5 The provisions of this Standard are valid from its date of issuance.
  131. additional
    further or extra
    This Standard is complementary to ABNT ISO 15589-1:2011 and specifies additional requirements for surveys performed before the installation, project, materials, equipment, manufacturing, installation, pre-operation, operation, inspection and maintenance of onshore pipeline Cathodic Protection (CP) systems.
  132. specification
    the act of naming explicitly
    Materials and equipment, including containers or packaging, shall be inspected immediately upon receipt and prior to assembly, and they shall be in accordance with the purchase documents, manufacturer's specifications and project. 3.10.2
  133. frequency
    the number of occurrences within a given time period
    23 Tables Table 1 - Frequency of Routine Inspection ..........................................................................................
  134. standard
    a basis for comparison
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 PETROBRAS PROPERTY 23 pages, Index of Revisions and GT Onshore Pipeline Cathodic Protection Procedure This Standard replaces and cancels its previous revision.
  135. working group
    a group of people working together temporarily until some goal is achieved
    Introduction PETROBRAS Technical Standards are prepared by Working Groups - WG (consisting specialized of Technical Collaborators from Company and its Subsidiaries), are commented by Company Units and its Subsidiaries, are approved by the Authoring Subcommittees - SCs (consisting of technicians from the same specialty, representing the various Company Units and its Subsidiaries), and ratified by the Executive Nucleus (consisting of representatives of the Company Units and its Subsidiaries).
  136. vandalism
    willful and malicious destruction of the property of others
    Regions with high rates of vandalism may have their signage spoiled.
  137. revision
    the act of altering
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 PETROBRAS PROPERTY 23 pages, Index of Revisions and GT Onshore Pipeline Cathodic Protection Procedure This Standard replaces and cancels its previous revision.
  138. meter
    a basic unit of length (approximately 1.094 yards)
    Each draw shall be provided with a cable at least 16 mm2 connected to each pipeline, installed via a metering and interconnection box (CX-MI), as described in 9.6 and 9.7 of ABNT NBR ISO 15589-1:2011.
  139. reinforced concrete
    concrete with metal and/or mesh added to provide extra support against stresses
    Types of shelters: a) screen without coverage; b) screen with coverage; c) masonry (conventional or reinforced); d) reinforced concrete; e) others: according to operational agencies' needs.
  140. applicable
    having relevance
    - PETROBRAS, for internal use in the Company, and any reproduction for external use or disclosure, without previous and express authorization from the owner, will imply an unlawful act pursuant to the relevant legislation through which the applicable responsibilities shall be imputed.
  141. erosion
    the process of wearing or grinding something down
    semi-cell the "ON" potential in the pipeline in sites monitored in order to compare them with the signal received remotely; k) electrical grounding: — check if it is connected to the utility neutral; — physical state of braid of the moving parts of the shelter; — well where the rods are located, including the cap and electrical connections; — measuring the resistance, which must be less than 10 Ω; l) state of access (roads, bridges, fences, gates, etc.) and land conditions (evidence of erosion
  142. cell
    the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
    16 Figure A.1 - Measurement of Potential with 2 Semi-Cells on an Anode Bed........................................
  143. documentation
    confirmation that some fact or statement is true
    17 10 Documentation - General ................................................................................................................
  144. periodicity
    the quality of recurring at regular intervals
    9.1 Periodicity of routine inspections shall follow the criteria established in Table 1.
  145. interconnected
    operating as a unit
    NOTE Adjacent pipelines or within the same zone shall be electrically interconnected. 4.3.2
  146. saturate
    infuse or fill completely
    In this case, it is recommended that the criterion for protection is the biased soil-pipe potential "ON" equal to or more negative than -850 mV in relation to the Copper-Copper Sulfate (Saturated) Reference Electrode (CSE) evaluated with continuous recording of potential.
  147. Weld
    United States abolitionist (1803-1895)
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 15 Ground level 500mm Electrical cable 4 mm² with length allowing removal of coupon F/ test point PVC cap Ø 6" PVC pipe Ø 6" Natural ground Weld pipeline Coupon Figure 6 - CP Coupon 7.6 a.c. decoupler 7.6.1
  148. pursuant
    in conformance to or agreement with
    - PETROBRAS, for internal use in the Company, and any reproduction for external use or disclosure, without previous and express authorization from the owner, will imply an unlawful act pursuant to the relevant legislation through which the applicable responsibilities shall be imputed.
  149. equipment
    an instrumentality needed for an undertaking
    8 3.10 Receiving and Storage of Materials and Equipment............................................................
  150. pipe
    a hollow cylindrical shape
    10 6.2 Test Points in Crossings with Jacketed Pipe .......................................................................
  151. document
    a representation of a person's thinking with symbolic marks
    In case of doubt, the Portuguese version, which is the valid document for all intents and purposes, shall be used.
  152. clamp
    a device that holds things firmly together
    to steel pole (and its stiffener), clamps, bolts and nuts, door operation, greasing the hinge pins, if necessary; i) for oil-cooled rectifiers collect oil samples for analysis of dielectric strength (minimum voltage of 1.5 kV, 60 Hz, for at least 1 minute), check the moisture content and contaminants is as specified by the cooled-oil manufacturer; in case of test failure, change all oil; j) permanent CSE semi-cell: — measure the "ON" potential of pipeline with permanent semi-cell and a
  153. survey
    determining opinions by interviewing people
    5 3.3 Potential Surveys ...................................................................................................................
  154. connect
    fasten or put together two or more pieces
    NOTE Equipotentialization and grounding of electrical equipment shall comply with requirements of ABNT NBR 5410, noting the following details: a) the value of grounding resistance shall be equal to or less than 10 ohm and shall be connected to the grounding of the utility or the unit where the equipment is installed; b) all exposed metal parts such as equipment housing and screen shelters shall be grounded.
  155. comply
    act in accordance with someone's rules, commands, or wishes
    The soil resistivity surveys shall comply with ABNT NBR 7117. 3.2.2
  156. pliers
    a gripping hand tool with two hinged arms and serrated jaws
    in bed zone; c) land conditions (evidence of erosion, landslides, sanding up, exposed wires, existence of buildings and plantation that are not allowed, etc.) in the anode bed zone; d) it is recommended to inspect anode bed through the procedure A.3 or by using a high frequency transmitter/receiver set (current attenuation equipment), [Recommended Practice] e) when there is junction box near the anode, inspection of bed by measuring the draw current by each anode, with the help of ammeter pliers
  157. physical condition
    the condition or state of the body or bodily functions
    physical condition of external sidewalk, shoes and concrete belts; c) operation of voltmeter and ammeter (compared with digital multimeter); d) status of circuit breakers, fuses and transient suppressors; e) anode bed resistance, calculated as the ratio between the voltage and output current of the equipment; f) pipe-soil potential with the rectifier on and off; g) state of the internal components and wiring; replacement where necessary; h) state of rectifier attachment, related to steel pole
  158. min
    a unit of time equal to 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour
    "ON" and "OFF" potential shall be presented according to the following items: a) "ON" potential in pipelines shall be obtained by means of graphic records of up to 24 h; b) "OFF" potential obtained by switching current sources of CP or coupons shall be performed by means of graphic records of up to 5 min. 3.3.4
  159. technical
    of or relating to aptitude in a practical skill
    CONTEC Comissão de Normalização Técnica Technical Requirement: A provision established as the most adequate and which shall be used strictly in accordance with this Standard.
  160. gypsum
    a white or colorless mineral used in cements and plasters
    NOTE Anode fill shall be dry and vibration-compacted, put into burlap bag and have the following characteristics: a) for magnesium anodes: 75 % of hydrated powder gypsum, 20 % of sodium or nonactivated calcium bentonite, and 5 % of commercial sodium sulfate; b) for zinc anodes: 50 % of hydrated powder gypsum, and 50 % of sodium or non-activated calcium bentonite.
  161. burlap
    coarse jute fabric
    NOTE Anode fill shall be dry and vibration-compacted, put into burlap bag and have the following characteristics: a) for magnesium anodes: 75 % of hydrated powder gypsum, 20 % of sodium or nonactivated calcium bentonite, and 5 % of commercial sodium sulfate; b) for zinc anodes: 50 % of hydrated powder gypsum, and 50 % of sodium or non-activated calcium bentonite.
  162. muffle
    deaden (a sound or noise), especially by wrapping
    If necessary, should be performed with muffles, as shown in Figure 5.
  163. operation
    process or manner of functioning
    16 8 Pre-Operation - Tests in System ......................................................................................................
  164. item
    a distinct part that can be specified separately in a group
    "ON" and "OFF" potential shall be presented according to the following items: a) "ON" potential in pipelines shall be obtained by means of graphic records of up to 24 h; b) "OFF" potential obtained by switching current sources of CP or coupons shall be performed by means of graphic records of up to 5 min. 3.3.4
  165. operate
    perform as expected when applied
    or approaching a new pipeline to be protected cathodically, it shall be noted: a) detailed information of pipeline on length, diameter, wall thickness, material, protective coating, product transported and type of connection; b) identification of equipment related to existing CP systems (with photographic records), including rectifiers, draws, test points and insulating joints, informing nominal and operating conditions, location, electrical connections; c) potential surveys according to
  166. portable
    easily or conveniently transported
    to steel pole (and its stiffener), clamps, bolts and nuts, door operation, greasing the hinge pins, if necessary; i) for oil-cooled rectifiers collect oil samples for analysis of dielectric strength (minimum voltage of 1.5 kV, 60 Hz, for at least 1 minute), check the moisture content and contaminants is as specified by the cooled-oil manufacturer; in case of test failure, change all oil; j) permanent CSE semi-cell: — measure the "ON" potential of pipeline with permanent semi-cell and a portable
  167. confidentiality
    discretion in keeping secret information
    External circulation shall be regulated by a specific clause of Secrecy and Confidentiality pursuant to the terms of intellectual and industrial property law.”
  168. undated
    not bearing a date
    For undated references, most recent editions of these documents (including amendments) are applied.
  169. subsidiary
    functioning in a supporting capacity
    Introduction PETROBRAS Technical Standards are prepared by Working Groups - WG (consisting specialized of Technical Collaborators from Company and its Subsidiaries), are commented by Company Units and its Subsidiaries, are approved by the Authoring Subcommittees - SCs (consisting of technicians from the same specialty, representing the various Company Units and its Subsidiaries), and ratified by the Executive Nucleus (consisting of representatives of the Company Units and its Subsidiaries).
  170. polarity
    a relation between two opposite attributes or tendencies
    A.3.5 Prepare a scaled drawing, for each bed searched, containing the pipelines, rectifier, anodes and points where measurements were made, including their values and polarity adopted.
  171. zone
    an area or region distinguished from adjacent parts
    The resistivity shall be raised in pipeline zone at 1.5 m depth in the following locations: a) every 500 m; at every 10 measurements, depths of 3 m, 4.5 m and 6 m shall be measured; b) in approaches and intersections with power transmission lines with voltage equal to or greater than 69 kV; in addition to measurements in the zones, it shall also be done at the base of the towers, at depths of 1.5 m, 3.0 m, 4.5 m and 6.0 m. 3.2.3
  172. breaker
    waves breaking on the shore
    breakers, fuses and transient suppressors; e) anode bed resistance, calculated as the ratio between the voltage and output current of the equipment; f) pipe-soil potential with the rectifier on and off; g) state of the internal components and wiring; replacement where necessary; h) state of rectifier attachment, related to steel pole (and its stiffener), clamps, bolts and nuts, door operation, greasing the hinge pins, if necessary; i) for oil-cooled rectifiers collect oil samples for analysis of
  173. wire
    ligament made of metal and used to fasten things or make cages or fences etc
    20 Figures Figure 1 - Wiring Connection at Test Point ..........................................................................................
  174. impress
    have a powerful and usually positive effect on
    8 4 Impressed Current Systems................................................................................................................
  175. instantaneous
    occurring with no delay
    Graphic records of up to 24 h can be made for instantaneous potential greater than 10 VRMS.
  176. automatic
    operating with minimal human intervention
    Automatic Potential Control .........................................................................................
  177. jacket
    a short coat
    10 6.2 Test Points in Crossings with Jacketed Pipe .......................................................................
  178. inert
    unable to move or resist motion
    Inert Anode Beds a) identification; b) setting of concrete marks and nameplate in bed zone; c) land conditions (evidence of erosion, landslides, sanding up, exposed wires, existence of buildings and plantation that are not allowed, etc.) in the anode bed zone; d) it is recommended to inspect anode bed through the procedure A.3 or by using a high frequency transmitter/receiver set (current attenuation equipment), [Recommended Practice] e) when there is junction box near the anode, inspection of
  179. stainless
    (of reputation) free from blemishes
    1 Scope 1.1 It is applied to onshore pipelines buried into carbon steel and stainless steel parts and onshore arrival points of submarine pipelines protected by CP installations.
  180. sodium
    a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group; occurs abundantly in natural compounds (especially in salt water); burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water; occurs in sea water and in the mineral halite (rock salt)
    NOTE Anode fill shall be dry and vibration-compacted, put into burlap bag and have the following characteristics: a) for magnesium anodes: 75 % of hydrated powder gypsum, 20 % of sodium or nonactivated calcium bentonite, and 5 % of commercial sodium sulfate; b) for zinc anodes: 50 % of hydrated powder gypsum, and 50 % of sodium or non-activated calcium bentonite.
  181. hinge
    a joint that holds two parts together so that one can swing
    to steel pole (and its stiffener), clamps, bolts and nuts, door operation, greasing the hinge pins, if necessary; i) for oil-cooled rectifiers collect oil samples for analysis of dielectric strength (minimum voltage of 1.5 kV, 60 Hz, for at least 1 minute), check the moisture content and contaminants is as specified by the cooled-oil manufacturer; in case of test failure, change all oil; j) permanent CSE semi-cell: — measure the "ON" potential of pipeline with permanent semi-cell and a
  182. connection
    a relation between things or events
    13 7.3 Electrical Cables and Connections ......................................................................................
  183. intersection
    the act of meeting at a point
    The resistivity shall be raised in pipeline zone at 1.5 m depth in the following locations: a) every 500 m; at every 10 measurements, depths of 3 m, 4.5 m and 6 m shall be measured; b) in approaches and intersections with power transmission lines with voltage equal to or greater than 69 kV; in addition to measurements in the zones, it shall also be done at the base of the towers, at depths of 1.5 m, 3.0 m, 4.5 m and 6.0 m. 3.2.3
  184. electrically
    by electricity
    NOTE Adjacent pipelines or within the same zone shall be electrically interconnected. 4.3.2
  185. alloy
    a mixture containing two or more metallic elements
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 5 ABNT NBR 7117 – Soil Resistivity Testing by 4-Point Method (Wenner); ABNT NBR 9240 - Ferrosilicon and Ferrochrome Alloy Anodes for Cathodic Protection; ABNT NBR 9241 - Graphite Anodes for Cathodic Protection; ABNT NBR 9358 - Zinc Alloy Anode for Cathodic Protection; ABNT NBR ISO 15589-1:2011 - Oil and Natural Gas Industry - Cathodic Protection for Pipeline Transport Systems - Part 1: Onshore Pipelines.
  186. measuring
    the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule
    — measure the "ON" potential of pipeline with permanent semi-cell and a portable one, by comparing the values; — measure with a portable semi-cell the "ON" potential in the pipeline in sites monitored in order to compare them with the signal received remotely; k) electrical grounding: — check if it is connected to the utility neutral; — physical state of braid of the moving parts of the shelter; — well where the rods are located, including the cap and electrical connections; — measuring
  187. terminal
    occurring at or forming an end
    It is recommended that joints are provided with welded lug terminals for electrical connections.
  188. enumerate
    specify individually
    The Department of PETROBRAS that uses this Standard is responsible for adopting and applying the sections, subsections and enumerates thereof.
  189. specify
    be particular about
    This Standard is complementary to ABNT ISO 15589-1:2011 and specifies additional requirements for surveys performed before the installation, project, materials, equipment, manufacturing, installation, pre-operation, operation, inspection and maintenance of onshore pipeline Cathodic Protection (CP) systems.
  190. para
    100 para equal 1 dinar in Yugoslavia
    Drawings and Other Technical Documents in General; PETROBRAS N-442 - Pintura Externa De Tubulação Em Instalações Terrestres; PETROBRAS N-1041 - Cadastramento de Imóveis em Levantamento Topográfico-Cadastral; PETROBRAS N-1493 - Equipamento de Drenagem Elétrica para Proteção Catódica; PETROBRAS N-1710 - Coding of Technical Engineering Documents; PETROBRAS N-1783 - Anodos de Liga de Magnésio; PETROBRAS N-2064 - Project Document Issuance and Review; PETROBRAS N-2608 - Cathodic Protection Rectifiers;
  191. location
    the act of putting something in a certain place
    The resistivity shall be raised in pipeline zone at 1.5 m depth in the following locations: a) every 500 m; at every 10 measurements, depths of 3 m, 4.5 m and 6 m shall be measured; b) in approaches and intersections with power transmission lines with voltage equal to or greater than 69 kV; in addition to measurements in the zones, it shall also be done at the base of the towers, at depths of 1.5 m, 3.0 m, 4.5 m and 6.0 m. 3.2.3
  192. well-founded
    based on sound reasoning or evidence
    If a decision is taken not to follow the requirement (“non-conformity” to this Standard) it shall be based on well-founded economic and management reasons, and be approved and registered by the Department of PETROBRAS that uses this Standard.
  193. specialize
    become more focused on an area of activity or field of study
    Introduction PETROBRAS Technical Standards are prepared by Working Groups - WG (consisting specialized of Technical Collaborators from Company and its Subsidiaries), are commented by Company Units and its Subsidiaries, are approved by the Authoring Subcommittees - SCs (consisting of technicians from the same specialty, representing the various Company Units and its Subsidiaries), and ratified by the Executive Nucleus (consisting of representatives of the Company Units and its Subsidiaries).
  194. draw
    cause to move by pulling
    Recommended Practice: A provision that may be adopted under the conditions of this Standard, but which admits (and draws attention to) the possibility of there being a more adequate alternative (not written in this Standard) to the particular application.
  195. accessory
    a supplementary component that improves capability
    Anodes, accessories and electrical equipment shall be identified and certified.
  196. characterize
    be typical of
    It is characterized by imperative nature.
  197. operating
    involved in a kind of operation
    or approaching a new pipeline to be protected cathodically, it shall be noted: a) detailed information of pipeline on length, diameter, wall thickness, material, protective coating, product transported and type of connection; b) identification of equipment related to existing CP systems (with photographic records), including rectifiers, draws, test points and insulating joints, informing nominal and operating conditions, location, electrical connections; c) potential surveys according to
  198. perform
    get done
    This Standard is complementary to ABNT ISO 15589-1:2011 and specifies additional requirements for surveys performed before the installation, project, materials, equipment, manufacturing, installation, pre-operation, operation, inspection and maintenance of onshore pipeline Cathodic Protection (CP) systems.
  199. calcium
    a white metallic element that burns with a brilliant light
    NOTE Anode fill shall be dry and vibration-compacted, put into burlap bag and have the following characteristics: a) for magnesium anodes: 75 % of hydrated powder gypsum, 20 % of sodium or nonactivated calcium bentonite, and 5 % of commercial sodium sulfate; b) for zinc anodes: 50 % of hydrated powder gypsum, and 50 % of sodium or non-activated calcium bentonite.
  200. activated
    rendered active
    NOTE Anode fill shall be dry and vibration-compacted, put into burlap bag and have the following characteristics: a) for magnesium anodes: 75 % of hydrated powder gypsum, 20 % of sodium or nonactivated calcium bentonite, and 5 % of commercial sodium sulfate; b) for zinc anodes: 50 % of hydrated powder gypsum, and 50 % of sodium or non-activated calcium bentonite.
  201. device
    an instrumentality invented for a particular purpose
    8 3.9 Electrical Draws (Unidirectional Current Control Devices).....................................................
  202. remotely
    to a remote degree
    dielectric strength (minimum voltage of 1.5 kV, 60 Hz, for at least 1 minute), check the moisture content and contaminants is as specified by the cooled-oil manufacturer; in case of test failure, change all oil; j) permanent CSE semi-cell: — measure the "ON" potential of pipeline with permanent semi-cell and a portable one, by comparing the values; — measure with a portable semi-cell the "ON" potential in the pipeline in sites monitored in order to compare them with the signal received remotely
  203. accord
    concurrence of opinion
    or approaching a new pipeline to be protected cathodically, it shall be noted: a) detailed information of pipeline on length, diameter, wall thickness, material, protective coating, product transported and type of connection; b) identification of equipment related to existing CP systems (with photographic records), including rectifiers, draws, test points and insulating joints, informing nominal and operating conditions, location, electrical connections; c) potential surveys according to
  204. external
    happening or arising outside some limits or surface
    - PETROBRAS, for internal use in the Company, and any reproduction for external use or disclosure, without previous and express authorization from the owner, will imply an unlawful act pursuant to the relevant legislation through which the applicable responsibilities shall be imputed.
  205. reset
    set anew
    If necessary, the system shall be reset. 7.1.2
  206. anti
    not in favor of (an action or proposal etc.)
    The application of anti-corrosion coating on the cable connections in overhead pipe sections shall be performed in accordance with PETROBRAS N-442.
  207. locate
    determine the place of by searching or examining
    The test points shall be located outside the hazardous area.
  208. braid
    make by interlacing
    and contaminants is as specified by the cooled-oil manufacturer; in case of test failure, change all oil; j) permanent CSE semi-cell: — measure the "ON" potential of pipeline with permanent semi-cell and a portable one, by comparing the values; — measure with a portable semi-cell the "ON" potential in the pipeline in sites monitored in order to compare them with the signal received remotely; k) electrical grounding: — check if it is connected to the utility neutral; — physical state of braid
  209. fuse
    any igniter used to initiate the burning of a propellant
    fuses and transient suppressors; e) anode bed resistance, calculated as the ratio between the voltage and output current of the equipment; f) pipe-soil potential with the rectifier on and off; g) state of the internal components and wiring; replacement where necessary; h) state of rectifier attachment, related to steel pole (and its stiffener), clamps, bolts and nuts, door operation, greasing the hinge pins, if necessary; i) for oil-cooled rectifiers collect oil samples for analysis of
  210. collaborator
    an associate in an activity or endeavor or sphere of common interest
    Introduction PETROBRAS Technical Standards are prepared by Working Groups - WG (consisting specialized of Technical Collaborators from Company and its Subsidiaries), are commented by Company Units and its Subsidiaries, are approved by the Authoring Subcommittees - SCs (consisting of technicians from the same specialty, representing the various Company Units and its Subsidiaries), and ratified by the Executive Nucleus (consisting of representatives of the Company Units and its Subsidiaries).
  211. reinforce
    strengthen and support
    Types of shelters: a) screen without coverage; b) screen with coverage; c) masonry (conventional or reinforced); d) reinforced concrete; e) others: according to operational agencies' needs.
  212. note
    a brief written record
    NOTE For documents referred in this Standard and for which only the Portuguese version is available, the PETROBRAS department that uses this Standard should be consulted for any information required for the specific application.
  213. cartridge
    a module designed to be inserted into a larger piece of equipment
    When insulating joint in pair of flanges is used, pay attention to the following precautions during installation: The flange shall be mounted, initially, with the insulating joint centralized inside and without the cartridges and washers.
  214. practice
    a customary way of operation or behavior
    Recommended Practice: A provision that may be adopted under the conditions of this Standard, but which admits (and draws attention to) the possibility of there being a more adequate alternative (not written in this Standard) to the particular application.
  215. duct
    an enclosed conduit for a fluid
    The dimensions of the test point shall be appropriate considering the installation of a cable duct from each zone pipeline and possibility for future expansion to at least 1 pipeline. 6.1.3
  216. check
    examine to determine accuracy or quality
    Insulating Joints shall be submitted to the following acceptance tests, by issuing the relevant certificates: a) hydrostatic test performed with a pressure greater than or equal to 1.5 times project's pressure, for 1 h, at least, with no leakages (only one-block); b) dielectric strength in dry air, which shall be greater than or equal to 5.0 kV, with 60 Hz VCA for 1 min.; c) electric strength in dry air, which shall be greater than or equal to 5 MΩ, checked with 1 000 VCC. 3.5.3
  217. equal to
    having the requisite qualities for
    The resistivity shall be raised in pipeline zone at 1.5 m depth in the following locations: a) every 500 m; at every 10 measurements, depths of 3 m, 4.5 m and 6 m shall be measured; b) in approaches and intersections with power transmission lines with voltage equal to or greater than 69 kV; in addition to measurements in the zones, it shall also be done at the base of the towers, at depths of 1.5 m, 3.0 m, 4.5 m and 6.0 m. 3.2.3
  218. measure
    determine the dimensions of something or somebody
    The resistivity shall be raised in pipeline zone at 1.5 m depth in the following locations: a) every 500 m; at every 10 measurements, depths of 3 m, 4.5 m and 6 m shall be measured; b) in approaches and intersections with power transmission lines with voltage equal to or greater than 69 kV; in addition to measurements in the zones, it shall also be done at the base of the towers, at depths of 1.5 m, 3.0 m, 4.5 m and 6.0 m. 3.2.3
  219. welding
    fastening two pieces of metal together by softening with heat and applying pressure
    The use of exothermic welding directly into the tube is not recommended.
  220. alignment
    the spatial property possessed by things in a straight line
    After its alignment, cases shall be disassembled in diametral manner, one by one, to the placement of cartridges and washers. 3.5.5
  221. shelter
    covering that provides protection from the weather
    14 7.4 Electrical Equipment Shelters ..............................................................................................
  222. protection
    the activity of shielding someone or something
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 PETROBRAS PROPERTY 23 pages, Index of Revisions and GT Onshore Pipeline Cathodic Protection Procedure This Standard replaces and cancels its previous revision.
  223. protected
    kept safe or defended from danger or injury or loss
    1 Scope 1.1 It is applied to onshore pipelines buried into carbon steel and stainless steel parts and onshore arrival points of submarine pipelines protected by CP installations.
  224. exist
    have a presence
    1.2 It is applied to renovations, repairs and modifications made in CP systems for existing pipelines.
  225. specific
    stated explicitly or in detail
    External circulation shall be regulated by a specific clause of Secrecy and Confidentiality pursuant to the terms of intellectual and industrial property law.”
  226. scorch
    burn slightly and superficially so as to affect color
    Insulating Joints and transient suppressor (DPJI) a) general insulating joints data (identification, location, characteristics, etc.); b) type of joint (conventional or one-block); c) operation of zinc anodes, where applicable, by measuring potential in relation to the ground; d) physical aspect (denting, biting, scorching, cracks, fissures and lack of material in regions filled with insulating material); e) verify the efficiency of electrical insulation, as per A.3 of ABNT NBR ISO
  227. system
    a group of independent elements comprising a unified whole
    7 3.8 Type of CP systems and Selection of Sites ...........................................................................
  228. biased
    favoring one person or side over another
    In this case, it is recommended that the criterion for protection is the biased soil-pipe potential "ON" equal to or more negative than -850 mV in relation to the Copper-Copper Sulfate (Saturated) Reference Electrode (CSE) evaluated with continuous recording of potential.
  229. maximum
    the greatest or most complete or best possible
    Fill conductor can be formed by mill coke or calcined petroleum coke and shall have the characteristics described below: a) electrical resistivity up to 50 Ω.cm with minimal coke compaction of 1 000 kg/m3; b) minimum carbon content of 75 % for mill coke and 90 % for calcined coke; c) maximum humidity of 5 %; d) sieve analysis (particle size): 100 % shall pass through the sieve of 1/2". 4.2.3.2
  230. project
    a planned undertaking
    4 3 Project Requirements ..........................................................................................................................
  231. topographical
    concerned with topography
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 18 b) memorial; c) reports: field data survey, CP system pre-operation and coating inspection; d) list of material; e) executive procedures: construction and assembly of installations, CP system preoperation and coating inspection; f) drawings, with CP equipment and materials represented on topographical plans with their coordinates.
  232. procedure
    a particular course of action intended to achieve a result
    B ENGLISH 08 / 2011 PETROBRAS PROPERTY 23 pages, Index of Revisions and GT Onshore Pipeline Cathodic Protection Procedure This Standard replaces and cancels its previous revision.
  233. inject
    force or drive (a fluid or gas) into by piercing
    NOTE It is recommended to install a junction box next to each anode to enable the evaluation of current injected individually.
  234. alternating
    occurring by turns; first one and then the other
    Corrosion by alternating current does not occur if the peak potential of the waveform related to the pipe-soil potential (a.c. + d.c.)
  235. verify
    confirm the truth of
    A.3.6 For each bed surveyed, make a curve (potential difference x distance) with measurements made and verify if the peaks observed in this curve match the actual position of the anodes (see Figure A.2).
  236. figure
    alternate name for the body of a human being
    20 Figures Figure 1 - Wiring Connection at Test Point ..........................................................................................
  237. provisionally
    temporarily and conditionally
    During the execution of the works, periodic inspections (at least monthly to potential surveys and weekly to electrical appliances) and maintenance of CP installations, even provisionally, until the end of the works, shall be carried out.
  238. appliance
    a small mechanical device or tool
    During the execution of the works, periodic inspections (at least monthly to potential surveys and weekly to electrical appliances) and maintenance of CP installations, even provisionally, until the end of the works, shall be carried out.
  239. technician
    someone who is trained in a specific process
    Introduction PETROBRAS Technical Standards are prepared by Working Groups - WG (consisting specialized of Technical Collaborators from Company and its Subsidiaries), are commented by Company Units and its Subsidiaries, are approved by the Authoring Subcommittees - SCs (consisting of technicians from the same specialty, representing the various Company Units and its Subsidiaries), and ratified by the Executive Nucleus (consisting of representatives of the Company Units and its Subsidiaries).
  240. thickness
    the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width
    or approaching a new pipeline to be protected cathodically, it shall be noted: a) detailed information of pipeline on length, diameter, wall thickness, material, protective coating, product transported and type of connection; b) identification of equipment related to existing CP systems (with photographic records), including rectifiers, draws, test points and insulating joints, informing nominal and operating conditions, location, electrical connections; c) potential surveys according to
  241. barb
    a point facing the main point making an arrowhead or spear
    Barbed wire fencing shall be used in rural areas, regardless of the model test point adopted. 6.1.4
  242. accordance
    concurrence or agreement of opinion
    CONTEC Comissão de Normalização Técnica Technical Requirement: A provision established as the most adequate and which shall be used strictly in accordance with this Standard.
  243. thermal
    relating to or associated with heat
    ACVG) or DCVG b) When the result of the inspection with instrumented pig shows evolution of the external corrosion process, compared with the previous inspection with pig, with loss of thickness between 50% and 20%, or between 50% and 20% exceeding the number of corrosion points; 5 to 10 years c) Presence of pipe-soil potential outside the protection criteria set out in 5.3 of ABNT NBR ISO 15589-1:2011; 2 years CIPS + attenuation of current (AC/ ACVG) or DCVG d) Pipeline heated, with thermal
Created on 二月 20, 2013

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