Ms. Tyson's Tough Science Words for Me

Heidi J. (United States of America)
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Full list of words from this list:

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  1. dominant allele
    an allele that produces the same phenotype whether its paired allele is identical or different
    The Nature of Alleles A dominant allele is an allele that is almost always expressed, even if only one copy is present.
  2. organelle
    a specialized part of a cell; analogous to an organ
    Organelle DNA Not all genetic information is found in nuclear DNA.
  3. mitochondrion
    part of a cell involved in energy production
    Both plants and animals have an organelle-a "little organ" within the cell- called the mitochondrion.
  4. eukaryote
    an organism of one or more cells with membrane-bound nuclei
    The location and base sequence of each promoter site vary for prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes (higher organisms), but they are both recognized by RNA polymerase, which can then grab hold of the sequence and drive the production of an mRNA.
  5. mRNA
    the template for protein synthesis
    Ribonucleic Acids In addition to mRNA, DNA codes for other forms of RNA, including ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). rRNAs and tRNAs participate in protein assembly whereas snRNAs aid in a process called splicing -the process of editing of mRNA before it can be used as a template for protein synthesis.
  6. codon
    a specific sequence of three adjacent nucleotides on a strand of DNA or RNA that specifies the genetic code information for synthesizing a particular amino acid
    Here the mRNA is translated into protein by decoding the mRNA sequence in blocks of three RNA bases, called codons, where each codon specifies a particular amino acid.
  7. globin
    a colorless protein obtained by removing heme from hemoglobin; the oxygen carrying compound in red blood cells
    The Globin Genes: An Example of Transcriptional Regulation An example of transcriptional control occurs in the family of genes responsible for the production of globin.
  8. allelic
    of or relating to alleles
    Determining the allelic condition used to be accomplished solely through the analysis of pedigrees, much the way Mendel carried out his experiments on peas.
  9. phenotype
    observable characteristics produced by genes and environment
    When two individuals display different phenotypes of the same trait, they are said to have two different alleles for the same gene.
  10. ribosome
    a particle in a cell that helps synthesize proteins
    Because mitochondria have their own DNA, RNA, and ribosomes, this scenario is quite possible.
  11. phenotypic
    of or relating to or constituting a phenotype
    These expressed, or phenotypic, traits are attributable to genotypic variation in a person's DNA sequence.
Created on 五月 13, 2013

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