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Full list of words from this list:

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  1. genotypic
    of or relating to or constituting a genotype
    These expressed, or phenotypic, traits are attributable to genotypic variation in a person's DNA sequence.
  2. polymerase
    an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of new DNA and RNA from an existing strand of DNA or RNA
    Transcription Transcription, the synthesis of an RNA copy from a sequence of DNA, is carried out by an enzyme called RNA polymerase.
  3. meiosis
    cell division that produces reproductive cells
    Meiosis is the mode of cell replication for the formation of sperm and egg cells in plants, animals, and many other multicellular life forms.
  4. deoxyribose
    a sugar that is a constituent of nucleic acids
    In a DNA chain, every base is attached to a sugar molecule (deoxyribose) and a phosphate molecule, resulting in a nucleic acid or nucleotide.
  5. eukaryotic
    having cells with `good' or membrane-bound nuclei
    This theory is also supported by the existence of a eukaryotic organism, called the amoeba, which lacks mitochondria.
  6. gamete
    a mature sexual reproductive cell
    This is because mitochondria are only found in the female gametes or "eggs" of sexually reproducing animals, not in the male gamete, or sperm.
  7. diploid
    an organism or cell having the normal amount of DNA per cell
    The term diploid describes a state in which a cell has two sets of homologous chromosomes, or two chromosomes that are the same.
  8. DNA
    material that carries genetic information in a cell
    The biological information contained in a genome is encoded in its deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and is divided into discrete units called genes.
  9. telomere
    either (free) end of a eukaryotic chromosome
    These sequences are associated with chromosome structure and are found at the centromeres (or centers) and telomeres (ends) of chromosomes.
  10. chloroplast
    organelle in which photosynthesis takes place
    Plants also have a second organelle, the chloroplast, which also has its own DNA.
  11. amino
    pertaining to or containing any of a group of organic compounds of nitrogen derived from ammonia
    Proteins are long chains containing as many as 20 different kinds of amino acids.
  12. uracil
    a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine
    For example, uracil takes the place of the thymine nucleotide found in DNA, and RNA is, for the most part, a single-stranded molecule.
  13. heterozygous
    having dissimilar alleles at corresponding chromosomal loci
    If the alleles are different, they are said to be heterozygous.
  14. protein
    an organic compound essential to living cells
    Genes code for proteins that attach to the genome at the appropriate positions and switch on a series of reactions called gene expression.
Created on 九月 19, 2013

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