Today we know that a single gene consists of a unique sequence of DNA that provides the complete instructions to make a functional product, called a protein.
the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
Genes instruct each cell type- such as skin, brain, and liver-to make discrete sets of proteins at just the right times, and it is through this specificity that unique organisms arise.
For example, the amino acid serine is encoded by UCU, UCC, UCA, and/or UCG. This redundancy is key to accommodating mutations that occur naturally as DNA is replicated and new cells are produced.
Created on 十一月 17, 2010
(updated 十一月 17, 2010)
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