Congenital heart disease

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  1. pulmonary stenosis
    abnormal narrowing of the opening into the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle
    The most common valve defect is pulmonary stenosis.
  2. tetralogy of Fallot
    a congenital heart defect producing cyanosis
    The most common multiple defect is tetralogy of Fallot, in which four heart abnormalities occur together: a ventriculoseptal defect, pulmonary stenosis, a displaced aorta, and a thickened right ventricle.
  3. septal
    of or relating to a septum
    SEPTAL DEFECTS

    The most common type of congenital heart abnormality is a septal defect, also known as a hole in the heart.
  4. echocardiography
    a noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses ultrasound to study to structure and motions of the heart
    Your child may also have echocardiography, an imaging technique which assesses the structure and function of the heart.
  5. congenital heart defect
    a birth defect involving the heart
    ne or more defects of the heart that are present at birth

    The heart is a complex organ that can develop abnormally in a fetus, leading to defects that affect a baby from birth (congenital heart defects).
  6. ductus arteriosus
    a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta; normally closes at birth
    PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS

    The ductus arteriosus is a blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta in the fetus so that blood bypasses the lungs.
  7. coarctation
    tight or narrow compression
    COARCTATION OF THE AORTA

    In this congenital heart disorder, the aorta is narrowed close to where it leaves the heart.
  8. patent ductus arteriosus
    a ductus arteriosus that failed to close at birth
    PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS

    The ductus arteriosus is a blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta in the fetus so that blood bypasses the lungs.
  9. congenital
    present at birth but not necessarily hereditary
    ne or more defects of the heart that are present at birth

    The heart is a complex organ that can develop abnormally in a fetus, leading to defects that affect a baby from birth (congenital heart defects).
  10. pulmonary valve
    a semilunar valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery; prevents blood from flowing from the artery back into the heart
    In this condition, the pulmonary valve, which opens to allow blood to flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery, is narrowed so that blood flow is restricted.
  11. heart murmur
    an abnormal sound of the heart
    The doctor may hear a sound (heart murmur) caused by turbulent blood flow while listening to your child’s heart.
  12. aorta
    the large artery carrying blood from the heart to the body
    Most types of congenital heart disease affect only one part of the heart or one of the major blood vessels, such as the aorta.
  13. defect
    a failing or deficiency
    ne or more defects of the heart that are present at birth

    The heart is a complex organ that can develop abnormally in a fetus, leading to defects that affect a baby from birth (congenital heart defects).
  14. Fallot
    French physician who described cardiac anomalies including Fallot's tetralogy (1850-1911)
    The most common multiple defect is tetralogy of Fallot, in which four heart abnormalities occur together: a ventriculoseptal defect, pulmonary stenosis, a displaced aorta, and a thickened right ventricle.
  15. common multiple
    an integer that is a multiple of two or more other integers
    The most common multiple defect is tetralogy of Fallot, in which four heart abnormalities occur together: a ventriculoseptal defect, pulmonary stenosis, a displaced aorta, and a thickened right ventricle.
  16. heart valve
    a valve to control one-way flow of blood
    Children with coarctation of the aorta may also have an abnormality of the heart valves.
  17. pulmonary artery
    one of two arteries (branches of the pulmonary trunk) that carry venous blood from the heart to the lungs
    PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS

    The ductus arteriosus is a blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta in the fetus so that blood bypasses the lungs.
  18. pulmonary
    relating to or affecting the lungs
    PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS

    The ductus arteriosus is a blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta in the fetus so that blood bypasses the lungs.
  19. heart disease
    a disease of the heart
    Congenital heart disease affects about 1 in 100 babies and is one of the most common birth defects.
  20. Down syndrome
    a congenital disorder caused by having an extra 21st chromosome; results in a flat face and short stature and mental retardation
    Heart defects may also be associated with genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome.
  21. right ventricle
    the chamber on the right side of the heart that receives venous blood from the right atrium and pumps it into the pulmonary trunk
    In this condition, the pulmonary valve, which opens to allow blood to flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery, is narrowed so that blood flow is restricted.
  22. aortic valve
    a semilunar valve between the left ventricle and the aorta
    Defects of the aortic valve, which opens to let blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta, are less common.
  23. stenosis
    abnormal narrowing of a bodily canal or passageway
    The most common valve defect is pulmonary stenosis.
  24. abnormality
    an abnormal physical condition resulting from defective genes or developmental deficiencies
    About 2 in 3 of these abnormalities disappear naturally as the baby grows, but more serious defects require complex corrective surgery.
  25. ECG
    a graphical recording of the cardiac cycle produced by an electrocardiograph
    Although many heart murmurs are normal, the doctor is likely to arrange for an ECG, which monitors the electrical activity of the heart.
  26. endocarditis
    inflammation of the endocardium and heart valves
    Children may be susceptible to chest infections and are at increased risk of infection of the lining of the heart (see Infective endocarditis), especially after surgery or dental treatment.
  27. ventricle
    a chamber of the heart that receives blood from an atrium
    In this condition, the pulmonary valve, which opens to allow blood to flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery, is narrowed so that blood flow is restricted.
  28. tetralogy
    a series of four related works (plays or operas or novels)
    The most common multiple defect is tetralogy of Fallot, in which four heart abnormalities occur together: a ventriculoseptal defect, pulmonary stenosis, a displaced aorta, and a thickened right ventricle.
  29. aortic
    of or relating to the aorta
    Defects of the aortic valve, which opens to let blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta, are less common.
  30. fetus
    an unborn vertebrate in the later stages of development
    ne or more defects of the heart that are present at birth

    The heart is a complex organ that can develop abnormally in a fetus, leading to defects that affect a baby from birth (congenital heart defects).
  31. prognosis
    a prediction of the course of a disease
    What is the prognosis?
  32. diuretic
    any substance that tends to increase the flow of urine
    Some children will need drugs, such as diuretics, to control the symptoms of a heart defect.
  33. abnormally
    in an abnormal manner
    ne or more defects of the heart that are present at birth

    The heart is a complex organ that can develop abnormally in a fetus, leading to defects that affect a baby from birth (congenital heart defects).
  34. septum
    a dividing partition between two tissues or cavities
    In this defect, there is a hole in the septum (the inner wall that divides the heart) either between the two lower chambers (ventriculoseptal defect) or alternatively between the two upper chambers (atrioseptal defect).
  35. hypertension
    a disorder in which blood pressure remains abnormally high
    Over a period of several years, congenital heart defects may lead to irreversible lung damage (see Pulmonary hypertension).
  36. coloration
    appearance with regard to color
    If there are low levels of oxygen in the blood, affected children may have a bluish coloration to their tongue and lips.
  37. bluish
    of the color intermediate between green and violet
    Children with certain types of congenital heart disease will have a bluish color because blood has not passed through the lungs and acquired oxygen.
  38. irreparable
    impossible to rectify or amend
    A heart transplant is now possible for children with multiple irreparable heart defects.
  39. elevate
    raise from a lower to a higher position
    As a result, the blood pressure in the upper part of the body is elevated.
  40. assess
    estimate the nature, quality, ability or significance of
    Your child may also have echocardiography, an imaging technique which assesses the structure and function of the heart.
  41. compensate
    make amends for
    This narrowing restricts the flow of blood to the lower part of the body, and the heart has to work harder to compensate.
  42. turbulent
    characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination
    The doctor may hear a sound (heart murmur) caused by turbulent blood flow while listening to your child’s heart.
  43. susceptible
    yielding readily to or capable of undergoing a process
    Children may be susceptible to chest infections and are at increased risk of infection of the lining of the heart (see Infective endocarditis), especially after surgery or dental treatment.
  44. vessel
    an object used as a container, especially for liquids
    Most types of congenital heart disease affect only one part of the heart or one of the major blood vessels, such as the aorta.
  45. murmur
    a low continuous indistinct sound
    The doctor may hear a sound (heart murmur) caused by turbulent blood flow while listening to your child’s heart.
Created on 二月 10, 2011

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