Pfordresher and Brown, 2007

Martha D.
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words only definitions & notes
  1. categorize
    place into or assign to a class
    Within each experiment,10-15% of the participants imitated pitch at least one semitone off and were categorized as “poor-pitch singers.”
  2. semitone
    the musical interval between adjacent keys on a keyboard instrument
    Within each experiment,10-15% of the participants imitated pitch at least one semitone off and were categorized as “poor-pitch singers.”
  3. transposition
    the act of reversing the order or place of
    Such deviations were reliable across different pitch classes and therefore constitute transpositions.
  4. participant
    someone who is involved in an activity
    Participants listened to and then vocally imitated unfamiliar 4-note pitch sequences.
  5. imitate
    reproduce someone's behavior or looks
    Participants listened to and then vocally imitated unfamiliar 4-note pitch sequences.
  6. deviation
    a variation from the standard or norm
    Such deviations were reliable across different pitch classes and therefore constitute transpositions.
  7. faulty
    having a defect
    The term “tone deafness,” commonly applied to poor-pitch singing, suggests that the cause lies in faulty perception.
  8. integration
    the act of combining into a whole
    However, it is also plausible that problems lie in production, memory, and/or sensorimotor integration.
  9. compressed
    pressed tightly together
    In addition, poor-pitch singers compressed the size of intervals during production.
  10. plausible
    apparently reasonable, valid, or truthful
    However, it is also plausible that problems lie in production, memory, and/or sensorimotor integration.
  11. accompaniment
    a musical part that supports other musical parts
    Poor-pitch singers did not differ from good singers in pitch discrimination accuracy, although they appeared to be hindered rather than helped by singing with correct accompaniment.
  12. compress
    squeeze or push together
    In addition, poor-pitch singers compressed the size of intervals during production.
  13. reliable
    able to be depended on; consistent or steady
    Such deviations were reliable across different pitch classes and therefore constitute transpositions.
  14. sequence
    a following of one thing after another in time
    Participants listened to and then vocally imitated unfamiliar 4-note pitch sequences.
  15. experiment
    the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation
    We report the results of two experiments on vocal pitch imitation that addressed these possibilities.
  16. perception
    the process of becoming aware through the senses
    The term “tone deafness,” commonly applied to poor-pitch singing, suggests that the cause lies in faulty perception.
  17. production
    the act or process of making something
    However, it is also plausible that problems lie in production, memory, and/or sensorimotor integration.
  18. constitute
    form or compose
    Such deviations were reliable across different pitch classes and therefore constitute transpositions.
  19. interval
    the distance between things
    In addition, poor-pitch singers compressed the size of intervals during production.
  20. possibility
    capability of existing or happening or being true
    We report the results of two experiments on vocal pitch imitation that addressed these possibilities.
  21. applied
    concerned with concrete problems or data
    The term “tone deafness,” commonly applied to poor-pitch singing, suggests that the cause lies in faulty perception.
  22. apply
    employ for a particular purpose
    The term “tone deafness,” commonly applied to poor-pitch singing, suggests that the cause lies in faulty perception.
  23. address
    the place where a person or organization can be found
    We report the results of two experiments on vocal pitch imitation that addressed these possibilities.
  24. system
    a group of independent elements comprising a unified whole
    Taken together, findings suggested that poor-pitch singing results from mismapping of pitch onto action, rather than problems specific to perceptual, motor, or memory systems.
  25. action
    something done (usually as opposed to something said)
    Taken together, findings suggested that poor-pitch singing results from mismapping of pitch onto action, rather than problems specific to perceptual, motor, or memory systems.
Created on 三月 5, 2011

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