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Degrees and Dollars -Krugman NY Times article -hard social studes words

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  1. paralegal
    a person with specialized training who assists lawyers
    Computers, it turns out, can quickly analyze millions of documents, cheaply performing a task that used to require armies of lawyers and paralegals.
  2. manual labor
    labor done with the hands
    Conversely, jobs that can’t be carried out by following explicit rules — a category that includes many kinds of manual labor, from truck drivers to janitors — will tend to grow even in the face of technological progress.
  3. cognitive
    relating to or involving the mental process of knowing
    Computers, they pointed out, excel at routine tasks, “cognitive and manual tasks that can be accomplished by following explicit rules.”
  4. firing line
    the line from which soldiers deliver fire
    Therefore, any routine task — a category that includes many white-collar, nonmanual jobs — is in the firing line.
  5. middle-class
    occupying a socioeconomic position intermediate between those of the lower classes and the wealthy
    In particular, the notion that putting more kids through college can restore the middle-class society we used to have is wishful thinking.
  6. education
    activities that impart knowledge or skill
    Degrees and Dollars
    By PAUL KRUGMAN

    It is a truth universally acknowledged that education is the key to economic success.
  7. manufacturing
    the act of making something (a product) from raw materials
    Notably, with production workers in manufacturing down to about 6 percent of U.S. employment, there aren’t many assembly-line jobs left to lose.
  8. employment
    the state of having a job
    The fact is that since 1990 or so the U.S. job market has been characterized not by a general rise in the demand for skill, but by “hollowing out”: both high-wage and low-wage employment have grown rapidly, but medium-wage jobs — the kinds of jobs we count on to support a strong middle class — have lagged behind.
  9. legal
    established by or founded upon law or official rules
    The day after the Obama-Bush event, The Times published an article about the growing use of software to perform legal research.
  10. middle class
    a socioeconomic group that is neither wealthy nor poor
    The fact is that since 1990 or so the U.S. job market has been characterized not by a general rise in the demand for skill, but by “hollowing out”: both high-wage and low-wage employment have grown rapidly, but medium-wage jobs — the kinds of jobs we count on to support a strong middle class — have lagged behind.
  11. wages
    a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing
    We need to restore the bargaining power that labor has lost over the last 30 years, so that ordinary workers as well as superstars have the power to bargain for good wages.
  12. levy
    impose and collect
    Some years ago, however, the economists David Autor, Frank Levy and Richard Murnane argued that this was the wrong way to think about it.
  13. economist
    an expert in the circulation of goods and services
    Some years ago, however, the economists David Autor, Frank Levy and Richard Murnane argued that this was the wrong way to think about it.
Created on 三月 7, 2011

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