Mr. Goodhind's Tough Science Words for Me and I Mean Tough

Heidi J. (United States of America)
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  1. recessive allele
    an allele that produces its characteristic phenotype only when its paired allele is identical
    On the other hand, a recessive allele will be expressed only if there are two identical copies of that allele, or for a male, if one copy is present on the X chromosome.
  2. dominant allele
    an allele that produces the same phenotype whether its paired allele is identical or different
    The Nature of Alleles

    A dominant allele is an allele that is almost always expressed, even if only one copy is present.
  3. coding DNA
    sequence of a gene's DNA that transcribes into protein structures
    Another class of non-coding DNA is the "pseudogene", so named because it is believed to be a remnant of a real gene that has suffered mutations and is no longer functional.
  4. mitochondrion
    part of a cell involved in energy production
    Both plants and animals have an organelle-a "little organ" within the cell- called the mitochondrion.
  5. eukaryote
    an organism of one or more cells with membrane-bound nuclei
    The location and base sequence of each promoter site vary for prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes (higher organisms), but they are both recognized by RNA polymerase, which can then grab hold of the sequence and drive the production of an mRNA.
Created on 五月 5, 2011

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