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Cynthia B. (United States of America)
18 words 2 learners

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  1. mRNA
    the template for protein synthesis
    Ribonucleic Acids
    In addition to mRNA, DNA codes for other forms of RNA, including ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). rRNAs and tRNAs participate in protein assembly whereas snRNAs aid in a process calle
  2. allele
    any of the forms of a gene that can occupy the same locus
    Methylation also plays an important role in genomic imprinting, which occurs when both maternal and paternal alleles are present but only one allele is expressed while the other remains inactive.
  3. blood type
    human blood cells that have the same antigens
    Then there are the not so obvious genetic variations, such as blood type.
  4. amino acid
    organic compounds containing an amino group and acid group
    Proteins are long chains containing as many as 20 different kinds of amino acids.
  5. chromosome
    a threadlike strand of DNA that carries genes
    In 1909, Danish botanist Wilhelm Johanssen coined the word gene for the hereditary unit found on a chromosome.
  6. RNA
    a nucleic acid that helps synthesize proteins and transmit genetic data
    Because mitochondria have their own DNA, RNA, and ribosomes, this scenario is quite possible.
  7. mutation
    a change or alteration in form or qualities
    There are many diseases caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).
  8. gene
    part of DNA controlling physical characteristics and growth
    The biological information contained in a genome is encoded in its deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and is divided into discrete units called genes.
  9. DNA
    material that carries genetic information in a cell
    The biological information contained in a genome is encoded in its deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and is divided into discrete units called genes.
  10. amino
    pertaining to or containing any of a group of organic compounds of nitrogen derived from ammonia
    Proteins are long chains containing as many as 20 different kinds of amino acids.
  11. protein
    an organic compound essential to living cells
    Genes code for proteins that attach to the genome at the appropriate positions and switch on a series of reactions called gene expression.
  12. genome
    the full DNA sequence of an organism
    WHAT IS A GENOME?
  13. transcription
    something written, copied from one medium to another
    Transferring the code from DNA to RNA is a fairly straightforward process called transcription.
  14. molecule
    the simplest structural unit of an element or compound
    In a DNA chain, every base is attached to a sugar molecule (deoxyribose) and a phosphate molecule, resulting in a nucleic acid or nucleotide.
  15. cell
    the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
    Genes instruct each cell type- such as skin, brain, and liver-to make discrete sets of proteins at just the right times, and it is through this specificity that unique organisms arise.
  16. genetic
    relating to the study of heredity and variation in organisms
    The Physical Structure of the Human Genome

    Nuclear DNA

    Inside each of our cells lies a nucleus, a membrane-bounded region that provides a sanctuary for genetic information.
  17. acid
    a sour water-soluble compound with a pH of less than 7
    The biological information contained in a genome is encoded in its deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and is divided into discrete units called genes.
  18. human
    a person; a hominid with a large brain and articulate speech
    Every organism, including humans, has a genome that contains all of the biological information needed to build and maintain a living example of that organism.
Created on 八月 15, 2011 (updated 八月 15, 2011)

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